Depression and Anxiety

Cadmium is linked to both depression and anxiety. In the United States in 2015-2018 one in eight adults used an antidepressent.

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ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD CADMIUM, LEAD, AND MERCURY WITH ANXIETY 

High levels of blood cadmium are positively associated with the development of anxiety disorders, which needs to be further verified in future studies.
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Bai, Long et al. “Association of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury with anxiety: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007-2012.” Frontiers in public health vol. 12 1402715. 12 Aug. 2024, doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1402715

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INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEAVY METALS IN THE BLOOD AND DEPRESSION

Cadmium in blood may be positively correlated with depression in American adults.
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Zhang, Lei et al. “Investigation of the relationship between heavy metals in the blood and depression in people with different body mass indices using the NHANES database: A cross-sectional study.” Journal of affective disorders vol. 344 (2024): 311-318. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.023

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ANTIDEPRESSANT USE AMONG ADULTS: UNITED STATES, 2015-2018

During 2015–2018, 13.2% of adults aged 18 and over used antidepressant medications in the past 30 days. Use was higher among women (17.7%) than men (8.4%). Antidepressant use increased with age, overall and in both sexes—use was highest among women aged 60 and over (24.3%).
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Brody, Debra et al. "Antidepressant use among adults: United States, 2015-2018." NCHS Data Brief No. 377, September 2020, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db377.htm

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SEPARATING THE EMPIRICAL WHEAT FROM THE PSEUDOSCIENTIFIC CHAFF: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE SURROUNDING GLYPHOSATE, DYSBIOSIS AND WHEAT-SENSITIVITY
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While there are many consequences to glyphosate-induced dysbiosis, one of the more pressing effects may be on our mental health. Recent studies show that dysbiosis can affect the gut-brain axis a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Exposure to Roundup 3Plus® during pregnancy significantly increased the abundance of Turicibacter spp., which, in combination with Clostridiaceae, plays a critical role in the modulation of gut-derived serotonin. Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter that elicits effects locally within the gastrointestinal tract regulating intestinal movements and secretion. Serotonin is also a key neurotransmitter in the gut-brain-microbiome axis and the intricate crosstalk between the gut microbiome and altered serotonergic neurotransmission have implications for mood and behavior. Indeed, pregnant dams exposed to either glyphosate alone or the herbicide Roundup 3Plus®, displayed altered licking behavior toward their pups and abnormal brain pathology. Exposure to Roundup® is associated with increased anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice, correlated with decreases in Corynebacterium spp., Firmicutes (Lactobacillus spp.) and Bacteroidetes.

Barnett, Jacqueline A, and Deanna L Gibson. “Separating the Empirical Wheat From the Pseudoscientific Chaff: A Critical Review of the Literature Surrounding Glyphosate, Dysbiosis and Wheat-Sensitivity.” Frontiers in microbiology vol. 11 556729. 25 Sep. 2020, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.556729